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| Other = * Wolong * Fulong }} Zhuge Liang (181–234), courtesy name Kongming, was a chancellor of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. He is recognised as the greatest and most accomplished strategist of his era, and has been compared to another great ancient Chinese strategist, Sun Tzu.〔Matti Nojonen, ''Jymäyttämisen taito. Strategiaoppeja muinaisesta Kiinasta''. (The Art of Deception. Strategy lessons from Ancient China. ) Gaudeamus, Finland. Helsinki 2009. ISBN ISBN 978-952-495-089-3.〕 Often depicted wearing a robe and holding a hand fan made of crane feathers, Zhuge Liang was an important military strategist, statesman and accomplished scholar and inventor. His reputation as an intelligent and learned scholar grew even while he was living in relative seclusion, earning him the nickname "Wolong" or "Fulong" (both literally mean "Crouching Dragon"). Zhuge is an uncommon two-character Chinese compound family name. His name – even his surname alone – has become synonymous with intelligence and strategy in Chinese culture. ==Early life== Zhuge Liang was born in AD 181 at Yangdu in Langya (modern Yishui, Shandong Province). He was orphaned at a premature age, and was raised by his uncle, Zhuge Xuan. Later, he followed his uncle to live in Jing Province, which was governed by Liu Biao. Zhuge Liang enjoyed reciting ''Liangfu Yin'' (梁父吟), a folk song popular in Shandong, his birthplace. He also liked to compare himself to Guan Zhong and Yue Yi, two famous historical figures. He developed close friendships with members of the local literati, such as Xu Shu, Cui Zhouping, Meng Jian and Shi Tao. Zhuge Liang also maintained close relations with other well-known intellectuals such as Sima Hui, Pang Degong and Huang Chengyan. Huang Chengyan once told Zhuge Liang, "I heard that you're seeking a spouse. I've an ugly daughter with a yellow face and dark complexion, but her talent matches yours."〔(聞君擇婦；身有醜女，黃頭黑色，而才堪相配。) Chen Shou. ''Records of Three Kingdoms'', Volume 35, Biography of Zhuge Liang.〕 Zhuge Liang agreed and married Huang Chengyan's daughter. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Zhuge Liang」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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